For a team of design, a condition loosely indicated is often fallacious. That 's why it is important to seize conditions in a structured way, in a database of conditions maintained by directors of conditions, before they passed length to the development teams of product. The role of the director of conditions can not exist in the scenario running, or it could be achieved by the team of sale. But it is essential to correctly analyze conditions before taking them for the development. The companies can employ methodologies of the practices like the diagram of affinity, the PUGH Matrix, or the QFD to analyze, give the priority, and to trace in conditions with the existing devices or the new devices which they can provide. These methodologies also require companies to evaluate what the competitors can deliver to answer a given requirement. The true system of the management of life cycle of product (PLM) underlines the fact that conditions of product should be communicated clearly to all the agents of development of product, including the design, the test, the materials, the supplier, manufacture, the computer-integrated manufacturing of production, and teams of service. The increase in the visibility of the conditions of product is the first stage by applying any system of PLM.
Increasing productivity
The design starts starting from a concept produced by a need given for the market. The team of design must be given a very effective environment in order to be able to work with the maximum productivity. The use of the tools of the computer-aided design (CAD) and of the engineering computer-assisted (CAE) was common in industry for the last decade, but the true challenge is to store the produced data of CAD in a centralized, blocked, and easily accessible place. He 's also important so that the engineers of studies can daily sign or check these files during the cycle of design. This will give to originators more control of the design of products, since the centralized storage of the data of product leads to a rich development process of information of product.
Moreover, the incorporation of a strict mechanism of approval will make it possible originators to suitably make things the first time. The precise data of CAD are an important component of analysis for the teams of the planning of CAE or process computer-assisted (CAPE), since the incorrect or inaccurate data of CAD make efforts of useless CAE and CAPE. Moreover, making sure that the data of CAD are precise result of will in the precise nomenclatures of technology (EBOMs) for the planning systems of resource of the planning of the means of manufacture (MRP) or of company (ERP).
The cleanliness and the order of data of CAD are not only important for the team of design, but also for the following teams of development of product in bottom of the line. For this reason, the management of the data of CAD is regarded as heart of PLM.
To bring people is together the main aim of any system of PLM. When the people of development of product are narrower (practically speaking), they can collaborate more effectively. Because of the current tendencies of globalisation, like the tendency towards competences and the resources of admission of the funds of thirds which are geographically separated, it became obligatory to collaborate in a virtual environment. The health of collaboration can be parametrized with three fundamental questions:
- How your collaboration fix do is it environment?
- How much effectively can you collaborate?
- How much resources your environment of collaboration do it consume in terms of network, and hardware and software?
Collaboration plays a crucial role when your teams of design are separate geographically. It also makes the fate of the direction for the organizations which externalisent the whole design of products at the organizations or the suppliers of third. Collaboration makes it possible the companies of host centre to give the feedback of design of products to the companies or to the suppliers of associated design with the parts of the design, rather than at the end. It is critical, as early tracking of the exits in the design of products is less expensive to fix than the exits which are detected later.
Reduction of the Time-with-market
Do the organizations of manufacture try to answer, of question how of reducing the time-with-market? Compagnies can obtain more market share and profit if they present the product for launching on the market earlier than their competitors. Thus, they tend to the minimum to reduce the duration of cycle as much as possible. The duration of cycle of product as a whole can be broken up into durations of cycle for the design, the analysis of technology, the validation, the purchases, the planning of process, and piloting.
The development of product comprises cross-functional team work, because the following functions are generally implied: marketing, design, technology, purchase, test, computer-integrated manufacturing of production, manufacture, and quality. In a conventional cycle of development of product, these cross-functional calculuses teams work in series, after the other (also named periodic technology). This conventional method attaches really the duration of cycle of product to a certain period, as only one team can work at the same time (while the other teams await the results). For example, the analysis, the test, and the teams of purchase will await the design to be achieved before themselves proceeding.
The period with vacuum of other teams can be employed to narrow the total duration of cycle of the product. This leads to the concept of convergent technology, where the cross-functional calculuses teams can begin their work at a preset point of the preceding stage of the life cycle of product. For example, the technology or the departments of purchase could begin the processes of analysis and purchases when the design is of 60 percent of complete. And the planning of manufacture could start once the analysis and the test are of 50 percent of complete. Convergent technology can phenomenally narrow the duration of cycle of product, by increasing the resources of maximum time possible of all the agents of the product.
However, the impact of the recovery in convergent technology heavy is compared with periodic technology. For example, when there is a change of design after 60 percent of achievement of the design, it carry out the work of the teams of analysis and test, since they already began their work. But this impact can be easily controlled in a numerical work place. If the analysis and test are carried out in a numerical environment which without seam is integrated with the environment of CAD, then the impact of the change of design is minimal: it is the power of the numerotisation. It is strongly suggested to him that the environment of development of product is digitalized as much as possible in order to reaching successful convergent technology. Nowadays, there are tools of CAD which are narrowly integrated with the indigenous tools of CAE and CAPE. Simultaneity can be easily realized with the numerical kind of environment which holds account to conceive, to analyze, of test of simulation, and planning of the products, since activities should not necessarily be exerted physically. This also reduces the cost to establish the physical prototypes.
Engineering data is the output of the design team, which releases the design to other teams in order to get their feedback. The design team then incorporates the collected feedback on the engineering parts. There should be a revision control mechanism in this process. Even after the design is completed, there can be a design change due to failure in product development steps down the line. And even after design, analysis, and testing, there may be difficulties in the assembling process only during the piloting stage. In this scenario, the part has to be revised, and the design change will be incorporated in the new revision. The product will once more undergo reviews, analysis, testing, and validation before it comes back to piloting.
Engineering data control is more cumbersome when design is outsourced to a third party organization or to a supplier. In this case, the host company should notify the design partner or supplier that a design change is necessary. When companies do not have a healthy collaborative environment, this design change process increases cycle time drastically. This is why collaboration and integration between the host company and its design partners and suppliers play an important role in reducing time-to-market.
Preserving Product Knowledge
Introducing more new products every year is becoming a trend in the manufacturing industry. Research shows that the companies introducing more products per year will be more profitable. Within this trend, it has become vital for companies to preserve product knowledge in a well-defined information technology (IT) system, instead of keeping it only inside the brains of various employees. In other words, product knowledge is an asset to companies—if they have a proper system of storing product data, they do not need to worry about human resource attrition. Product knowledge can consist of any one of the following elements:
- engineering data
- product requirements or specification sheets
- lists of suppliers that can supply the product
- lists of technical specifications such as CAD drawings, CAD models, process specs, etc.
- engineering analysis reports on parts
- the number of configurations that can be generated from product aggregates, and their compatibility rules
Modular Product Development—Design One, Configure Many
Organizations striving to introduce more new products per year should concentrate on modularizing their product structures, and on generating more variants from the structures. The concept of modularization helps phenomenally in saving time-to-market. All they need to do is break down the product structure into meaningful sets of aggregates, and create compatibility rules between the aggregates under each product line. Basically, they need to make a product portfolio rationalization. If they make sure their aggregates can work with each other across different models under a single product line, they can easily generate new product configurations on the fly (based on product need), and launch the new product in just weeks. This eliminates the time barrier for conventional product development, which involves starting from scratch. It takes time for organizations to come to the level of reusing and leveraging product aggregates to generate many configurations, and only a few organizations around the world have achieved this.
The construction of the data is the output of the team of design, which publishes the design with other teams in order to obtain their feedback. The team of design then incorporates the feedback gathered on the parts of technology. There would have is a control drive of revision in this process. Even after the design is filled, there can is a change of design due to the failure of development of product brings back the line. And even after the design, analysis, and the test, it can there have difficulties in the process of assembly only during the stage of piloting. In this scenario, the part must be updated, and the change of design will be built-in new revision. The product will undergo reviews once more, analyzes, test, and the validation before it returns to piloting.
The construction of the order of data is more cumbersome when the design is externalis�e with an organization of third or a supplier. In this case, the company of host centre should inform the associate or the supplier of design which a change of design is necessary. When the companies do not have a healthy environment of collaboration, this process of change of design increases the duration of cycle rigorously. This is why collaboration and integration between the company of host centre and its associates of design and suppliers play a big role by reducing the time-with-market.
Safeguarding of the knowledge of product
The presentation of the products plus each year becomes a tendency in industry. Research proves that the companies presenting more products per annum will be more advantageous. In this tendency, it became essential that the companies preserve the knowledge of product in a well defined system of information technology (IT), instead of keeping it only inside the brains of various employees. In other words, the knowledge of product is capital companies they have a suitable system to store data of product, they does not need to worry about wear human resources. The knowledge of product can be composed of any of the following elements:
- data of technology
- sheets of conditions or specifications of product
- lists of suppliers who can provide the product
- lists of features such as diagrams of CAD, models of CAD, Spc. process, etc
- reports/ratios of analysis of technology on parts
- the number of configurations which can be produced aggregates of product, and their rules of compatibility
The modular product Development-Conceive one, configure much
The organizations trying to present the products per annum should concentrate on modulariser their structures of product, and on producing of more than alternatives of the structures. The concept of modularization helps phenomenally in the time-with-market of economy. Very that they must make is to break up the structure of product into plays signicatifs of aggregates, and creates rules of compatibility between the aggregates under each product. Basically, they must make a rationalization of booklet of product. If they secure their aggregates can function the ones with the others through various models under a simple product, they can easily produce configurations of product moving (based on the need for product), and launch the product into right weeks. This eliminates the barrier from time for the development of conventional product, which implies starting from the scratch. That takes time so that the organizations come on the level from the aggregates from re-use and increasing from product to produce of many configurations, and only some organizations around the world carried out this.
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